Speaking of David Rankin Barbee.....

[Pamela]

I was wondering about charcoal, too, or even another medium, and we don't know the original size. I haven't studied primitive art in that period, or any period and when I go to museums a portrait that is finished looking is generally oil, but the curtain behind her does have a charcoal look. Nowadays artists have lacquer sprays to prevent smearing of charcoal or pastel and I don't know if anything was used in those days. I don't see any smears.